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1. Transl Oncol. 2018 Dec Cannabidiol Affects Extracellular Vesicle Release, miR21 and miR126, and Reduces Prohibitin Protein in Glioblastoma Multiforme Cells. Kosgodage US(1), Uysal-Onganer P(2), MacLatchy A(3), Mould R(4), Nunn AV(5), Guy GW(6), Kraev I(7), Chatterton NP(8), Thomas EL(9), Inal JM(10), Bell JD(11), Lange S(12). Author information: (1)Cellular and Molecular Immunology Research Centre, School of Human Sciences, London Metropolitan University, London, UK. Electronic address: Esta dirección de correo electrónico está siendo protegida contra los robots de spam. Necesita tener JavaScript habilitado para poder verlo.. (2)Cancer Research Group, School of Life Sciences, University of Westminster, London, UK. Electronic address: Esta dirección de correo electrónico está siendo protegida contra los robots de spam. Necesita tener JavaScript habilitado para poder verlo.. (3)Research Centre for Optimal Health, School of Life Sciences, University of Westminster, London, UK. Electronic address: Esta dirección de correo electrónico está siendo protegida contra los robots de spam. Necesita tener JavaScript habilitado para poder verlo.r.ac.uk. (4)Research Centre for Optimal Health, School of Life Sciences, University of Westminster, London, UK. Electronic address: Esta dirección de correo electrónico está siendo protegida contra los robots de spam. Necesita tener JavaScript habilitado para poder verlo.. uk. (5)Research Centre for Optimal Health, School of Life Sciences, University of Westminster, London, UK. Electronic address: Esta dirección de correo electrónico está siendo protegida contra los robots de spam. Necesita tener JavaScript habilitado para poder verlo.. (6)GW Research, Sovereign House, Vision Park, Cambridge, CB24 9BZ, UK. Electronic address: Esta dirección de correo electrónico está siendo protegida contra los robots de spam. Necesita tener JavaScript habilitado para poder verlo.. (7)The Open University, Walton Hall, Milton Keynes, UK. Electronic address: Esta dirección de correo electrónico está siendo protegida contra los robots de spam. Necesita tener JavaScript habilitado para poder verlo.. (8)The Open University, Walton Hall, Milton Keynes, UK. Electronic address: Esta dirección de correo electrónico está siendo protegida contra los robots de spam. Necesita tener JavaScript habilitado para poder verlo. . (9)Research Centre for Optimal Health, School of Life Sciences, University of Westminster, London, UK. Electronic address: Esta dirección de correo electrónico está siendo protegida contra los robots de spam. Necesita tener JavaScript habilitado para poder verlo.. (10)Extracellular Vesicle Research Unit and Biosciences Research Group, School of Life and Medical Sciences, University of Hertfordshire, College Lane, Hatfield, UK. Electronic address: Esta dirección de correo electrónico está siendo protegida contra los robots de spam. Necesita tener JavaScript habilitado para poder verlo.. (11)Research Centre for Optimal Health, School of Life Sciences, University of Westminster, London, UK. Electronic address: Esta dirección de correo electrónico está siendo protegida contra los robots de spam. Necesita tener JavaScript habilitado para poder verlo.. (12)Tissue Architecture and Regeneration Research Group, School of Life Sciences, University of Westminster, London, UK. Electronic address: Esta dirección de correo electrónico está siendo protegida contra los robots de spam. Necesita tener JavaScript habilitado para poder verlo.. Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) is the most common and aggressive form of primary malignant brain tumor in adults, with poor prognosis. Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are key-mediators for cellular communication through transfer of proteins and genetic material. Cancers, such as GBM, use EV release for drug-efflux, pro-oncogenic signaling, invasion and immunosuppression; thus the modulation of EV release and cargo is of considerable clinical relevance. As EV-inhibitors have been shown to increase sensitivity of cancer cells to chemotherapy, and we recently showed that cannabidiol (CBD) is such an EV-modulator, we investigated whether CBD affects EV profile in GBM cells in the presence and absence of temozolomide (TMZ). Compared to controls, CBD-treated cells released EVs containing lower levels of pro-oncogenic miR21 and increased levels of anti-oncogenic miR126; these effects were greater than with TMZ alone. In addition, prohibitin (PHB), a multifunctional protein with mitochondrial protective properties and chemoresistant functions, was reduced in GBM cells following 1 h CBD treatment. This data suggests that CBD may, via modulation of EVs and PHB, act as an adjunct to enhance treatment efficacy in GBM, supporting evidence for efficacy of cannabinoids in GBM. Copyright © 2018 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. 2. Medicines (Basel). 2018 Dec Medicinal Cannabis-Potential Drug Interactions. Alsherbiny MA(1)(2), Li CG(3). Author information: (1)NICM Health Research Institute, Western Sydney University, Westmead, NSW 2145, Australia. Esta dirección de correo electrónico está siendo protegida contra los robots de spam. Necesita tener JavaScript habilitado para poder verlo.. edu.eg. (2)Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Cairo 11562, Egypt. Esta dirección de correo electrónico está siendo protegida contra los robots de spam. Necesita tener JavaScript habilitado para poder verlo.. edu.eg. (3)NICM Health Research Institute, Western Sydney University, Westmead, NSW 2145, Australia. Esta dirección de correo electrónico está siendo protegida contra los robots de spam. Necesita tener JavaScript habilitado para poder verlo.. The endocannabinoids system (ECS) has garnered considerable interest as a potential therapeutic target in various carcinomas and cancer-related conditions alongside neurodegenerative diseases. Cannabinoids are implemented in several physiological processes such as appetite stimulation, energy balance, pain modulation and the control of chemotherapy-induced nausea and vomiting (CINV). However, pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics interactions could be perceived in drug combinations, so in this short review we tried to shed light on the potential drug interactions of medicinal cannabis. Hitherto, few data have been provided to the healthcare practitioners about the drug⁻drug interactions of cannabinoids with other prescription medications. In general, cannabinoids are usually well tolerated, but bidirectional effects may be expected with concomitant administered agents via affected membrane transporters (Glycoprotein p, breast cancer resistance proteins, and multidrug resistance proteins) and metabolizing enzymes (Cytochrome P450 and UDP-glucuronosyltransferases). Caution should be undertaken to closely monitor the responses of cannabis users with certain drugs to guard their safety, especially for the elderly and people with chronic diseases or kidney and liver conditions.
3. Expert Opin Investig Drugs. 2018 Dec Cannabis for cancer - illusion or the tip of an iceberg: a review of the evidence for the use of Cannabis and synthetic cannabinoids in oncology. Turgeman I(1), Bar-Sela G(2)(3). Author information: (1)a Division of Oncology , Rambam Health Care Campus , Haifa , Israel. (2)b Center for Malignant Diseases , Emek Medical Center , Israel. (3)c Faculty of Medicine , Technion-Israel Institute of Technology , Haifa , Israel. INTRODUCTION: A flowering plant of variegated ingredients and psychoactive qualities, Cannabis has long been used for medicinal and recreational purposes. Regulatory approvals have been gained across a broad range of palliative and therapeutic indications, and in some cases, included in standard treatment guidelines. Areas covered: The use of Cannabis and cannabinoid-based-medicines in oncology is summarized in this article. Cannabinoids were classified according to natural and synthetic subtypes and their mechanisms of action expounded. The variability of available products is discussed in the clinical context and data regarding chemotherapy-induced nausea and vomiting, cancer-related pain, anorexia, insomnia and anxiety are presented. Moreover, immunological and antineoplastic effects in preclinical and clinical trials are addressed. Concepts such as synergism or opposition with conventional treatment modalities, sequence of administration and dosage, molecular cross-talk and malignancy-cannabinoid congruence, are explored. Finally, side-effects, limitations in trial design and legislation barriers are related. Expert opinion: Sufficient evidence supports use of Cannabis for palliative indications in oncology, however, patients should be carefully selected, guided and followed. Promising research suggests potent antineoplastic activity, but more data must be accrued before conclusions can be drawn. 4. Am J Clin Dermatol. 2018 Dec Cannabinoids: Potential Role in Inflammatory and Neoplastic Skin Diseases. Milando R(1), Friedman A(2)(3). Author information: (1)George Washington University School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Washington, DC, USA. (2)George Washington University School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Washington, DC, USA. Esta dirección de correo electrónico está siendo protegida contra los robots de spam. Necesita tener JavaScript habilitado para poder verlo.. (3)Department of Dermatology, The George Washington University Medical Faculty Associates, 2150 Pennsylvania Avenue NW, Suite 2B-430, Washington, DC, 20037, USA. Esta dirección de correo electrónico está siendo protegida contra los robots de spam. Necesita tener JavaScript habilitado para poder verlo.. The endocannabinoid system is a complex and nearly ubiquitous network of endogenous ligands, enzymes, and receptors that can also be stimulated by exogenous compounds such as those derived from the marijuana plant, Cannabis sativa. Recent data have shown that the endocannabinoid system is fully functional in the skin and is responsible for maintaining many aspects of skin homeostasis, such as proliferation, differentiation, and release of inflammatory mediators. Because of its role in regulating these key processes, the endocannabinoid system has been studied for its modulating effects on both inflammatory disorders of the skin and skin cancer. Although legal restrictions on marijuana as a Schedule I drug in the USA have made studying cannabinoid compounds unfavorable, an increasing number of studies and clinical trials have focused on the therapeutic uses of cannabinoids. This review seeks to summarize the current, and rapidly expanding field of research on the broad potential uses of cannabinoids in inflammatory and neoplastic diseases of the skin. 5. Pain Manag Nurs. 2018 Dec An Integrated Review of Cannabis and Cannabinoids in Adult Oncologic Pain Management. Shin S(1), Mitchell C(2), Mannion K(2), Smolyn J(2), Meghani SH(2). Author information: (1)University of Pennsylvania School of Nursing, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. Electronic address: Esta dirección de correo electrónico está siendo protegida contra los robots de spam. Necesita tener JavaScript habilitado para poder verlo.. (2)University of Pennsylvania School of Nursing, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. OBJECTIVE: The objective of this paper is to review the available literature regarding the use of cannabis and cannabinoids in adult oncologic pain management. DESIGN AND DATA SOURCES: A integrative review was conducted on March 1, 2018 using PubMed, MEDLINE, CINAHL, Embase, and Scopus. A snowball method was used to extract studies included in systematic reviews that were not included in the primary literature search. REVIEW METHOD: Articles reviewed address the use of cannabinoids or cannabis for pain management in oncology patients, either as stand- alone or adjuvant therapy. RESULTS: The final number of articles included is nine articles. Of the nine studies reviewed, eight reviewed the effect of the cannabinoid THC on cancer pain, and one study reviewed the use of medicinally available whole plant cannabis. The following study types were included: multiple multi-center, randomized, placebo- controlled trials and two prospective observational survey studies. RESULTS AND CONCLUSIONS: Of the eight studies that reviewed the effect of the cannabinoid THC, five found THC to be more effective than placebo, one found THC to be more effective than placebo in American patients but ineffective in patients from other countries, and two found THC to be no more effective than placebo. The study that reviewed the effect of the whole plant cannabis found that there was a significant decrease in pain among those patients smoking cannabis. NURSING PRACTICE IMPLICATIONS: The lack of evidence in this field of research suggests a need to change policy surrounding cannabis research. Copyright © 2018 American Society for Pain Management Nursing. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
